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Overview

Published 1991; digitized and republished June 2024

For preparers of New Jersey and National Registers of Historic Places nominations; cultural resource surveys; archaeological site forms.

• Download original (PDF scan)
• Download digital layout (PDF)
• Download eBook (EPUB)

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Summary

[/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=””]Created by NJ AI Assistant (GPT-4o) and edited by NJHPO staff.[/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner el_class=”hpo-callout-text”][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text css=”” el_class=”hpo-intro-paragraph”]This context explores the transformation of New Jersey between 1670 and 1850 by the Industrial Revolution and technological innovations. It focuses on early industrialization, urbanization and agricultural development. Initially, New Jersey’s economy was largely agricultural, with farms frequently divided into smaller plots for subsequent generations. By the 1830s, farmers began using new machinery, fertilizers, and conservation techniques. This led to more productive land use and communication among farmers. Industry also began to rise, with sawmills, bog iron production and fulling mills taking center stage. Glassmaking and boatbuilding became significant industries, especially in southern New Jersey. To the north, the Society for Useful Manufactures in Paterson marked one of the state’s earliest industrial communities, harnessing the power of the Great Falls for manufacturing.[/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=””]As industry grew, transportation became vital. Canals and railroads connected New York and Philadelphia, facilitating the movement of raw materials and finished goods, making New Jersey an industrial power. The Morris Canal and Delaware & Raritan Canal were notable engineering achievements. Railroads, with innovations like the “T-rail,” were crucial in transforming the landscape and supporting industrial growth.

Education saw changes, with the establishment of public schools and private academies by the mid-19th century. The architectural styles of the period included Federal and Greek Revival, reflecting the shift from rural to urban living. By 1850, New Jersey was becoming more urban, with diverse populations due to European immigration. This context emphasizes the importance of preserving properties from this era, as they represent the state’s rich historical and cultural heritage.[/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=””]

Selected properties

Each entry in this series of historic-period contexts divides sample historic properties by types and themes. In this context, these include:

1. Residential
2. Agricultural
3. Commercial
4. Industrial
5. Government
6. Education
7. Religious

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