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Overview

Published 1991; digitized and republished June 2024

For preparers of New Jersey and National Registers of Historic Places nominations; cultural resource surveys; archaeological site forms.

• Download original (PDF scan)
• Download digital layout (PDF)
• Download eBook (EPUB)

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Summary

[/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=””]Created by NJ AI Assistant (GPT-4o) and edited by NJHPO staff.[/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner el_class=”hpo-callout-text”][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text css=”” el_class=”hpo-intro-paragraph”]The context outlines the early colonial settlement in New Jersey from 1630 to 1775, highlighting the diverse groups that settled in the area and how their cultural identities shaped the region. Initially, the Dutch attempted to establish settlements but faced resistance from the Lenape Indians. Later, Swedish soldiers and settlers arrived, followed by the English, who divided the territory into East and West New Jersey. East Jersey saw a mix of settlers, including New Englanders and Scots, leading to religious and ethnic communities like Puritan, Baptist, Quaker, and Dutch Reformed towns. West Jersey, on the other hand, was predominantly Quaker, with Salem and Burlington being key settlements.[/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=””]Agriculture played a significant role. Settlers adapted to available materials like stone, timber and clay when building homes and related farm structures. This led to distinct vernacular architectural styles based on local resources. Villages provided necessary services and markets. As this period of history progressed, these small communities became centers for social, religious and governmental activities. Settlements grew further as small-scale local industries began to develop, such as mills and blacksmith shops.

The context emphasizes preserving properties from this era, as they are rare and often altered over time. These preservation efforts will maintain the cultural heritage and architectural traditions of New Jersey’s early colonial period.[/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=””]

Selected properties

Each entry in this series of historic-period contexts divides sample historic properties by types and themes. In this context, these include:

1. Residential
2. Agricultural
3. Commercial
4. Religious
5. Institutional/Government
6. Military
7. Transportation
8. Villages, Streetscapes or Agricultural Areas

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