{"id":3079,"date":"2024-12-17T18:16:53","date_gmt":"2024-12-17T23:16:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/deptest.nj.gov\/dsr\/?page_id=3079"},"modified":"2024-12-17T18:16:53","modified_gmt":"2024-12-17T23:16:53","slug":"gymnodinium-aureolum","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/deptest.nj.gov\/dsr\/nj-smp-hab-reservoirs\/gymnodinium-aureolum\/","title":{"rendered":"Gymnodinium aureolum"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_empty_space][breadcrumb-shortcode][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1728779585339{border-bottom-width: 4px !important;border-bottom-style: solid !important;border-color: #5b9bd5 !important;}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h1 class=\"mb-2\" style=\"text-align: center\">Detected Species<\/h1>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/4&#8243; el_class=&#8221;sticky-top&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]<\/p>\n<ul class=\"list-group\">\n<li class=\"list-group-item\">\n<h3>HAB Species<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"list-group\">\n<li class=\"list-group-item\"><strong>Diatoms<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"list-group\">\n<li class=\"list-group-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/deptest.nj.gov\/dsr\/nj-smp-hab-reservoirs\/cylindrotheca-closterium\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>Cylindrotheca closterium<\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"list-group-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/deptest.nj.gov\/dsr\/nj-smp-hab-reservoirs\/pseudo-nitzschia\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>Pseudo-nitzschia<\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"list-group-item\"><b>Dinoflagellates<\/b>\n<ul class=\"list-group\">\n<li class=\"list-group-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/deptest.nj.gov\/dsr\/nj-smp-hab-reservoirs\/prorocentrum-lima\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>Prorocentrum lima<\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"list-group-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/deptest.nj.gov\/dsr\/nj-smp-hab-reservoirs\/amphidinium-carterae\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>Amphidinium carterae<\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"list-group-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/deptest.nj.gov\/dsr\/nj-smp-hab-reservoirs\/gymnodinium-aureolum\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>Gymnodinium aureolum (Karlodinium sp)<\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"list-group-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/deptest.nj.gov\/dsr\/nj-smp-hab-reservoirs\/levanderina-fissa\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>Levanderina fissa (syn. Gymnodinium uncatenum)<\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"list-group-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/deptest.nj.gov\/dsr\/nj-smp-hab-reservoirs\/kryptoperidinium-foliaceum\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Kryptoperidinium foliaceum<\/em><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"list-group-item\"><b>Cyanobacteria<\/b>\n<ul class=\"list-group\">\n<li class=\"list-group-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/deptest.nj.gov\/dsr\/nj-smp-hab-reservoirs\/planktothrix-agardhii\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>Planktothrix agardhii<\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"list-group-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/deptest.nj.gov\/dsr\/nj-smp-hab-reservoirs\/lyngbya-aestuarii\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>Lyngbya aestuarii<\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"list-group-item\"><em><a href=\"https:\/\/deptest.nj.gov\/dsr\/nj-smp-hab-reservoirs\/geitlerinema-splendidum\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Geitlerinema splendidum<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"list-group-item\"><b>Raphidophytes<\/b>\n<ul class=\"list-group\">\n<li class=\"list-group-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/deptest.nj.gov\/dsr\/nj-smp-hab-reservoirs\/chattonella-subsalsa\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>Chattonella subsalsa<\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"list-group-item\"><b>Haptophytes<\/b>\n<ul class=\"list-group\">\n<li class=\"list-group-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/deptest.nj.gov\/dsr\/nj-smp-hab-reservoirs\/prymnesium-parvum\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>Prymnesium parvum<\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"list-group-item\">\n<h3>Non-toxic Species<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"list-group\">\n<li class=\"list-group-item\"><strong>Diatoms<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"list-group\">\n<li class=\"list-group-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/deptest.nj.gov\/dsr\/nj-smp-hab-reservoirs\/haslea-ostrearia\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>Haslea ostrearia<\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"list-group-item\"><strong>Dinoflagellates<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"list-group\">\n<li class=\"list-group-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/deptest.nj.gov\/dsr\/nj-smp-hab-reservoirs\/heterocapsa-niei\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>Heterocapsa niei<\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1667240918115{border-bottom-width: 4px !important;border-bottom-color: #5b9bd5 !important;border-bottom-style: solid !important;}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"mb-2\"><em>Contact Us:<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]<b>Mihaela D. Enache<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, Ph.D., Project Manager &amp; Co-PI, Research Scientist I, Division of Science and Research, NJDEP <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(<a href=\"mailto:mihaela.enache@deptest.nj.gov\">mihaela.enache@deptest.nj.gov<\/a>)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Ling Ren<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, Ph.D., PI, Research Assistant Professor, College of Science, George Mason University <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(<\/span><a href=\"mailto:lren2@gmu.edu\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">lren2@gmu.edu<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">)<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;3\/4&#8243;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1732301551695{border-bottom-width: 4px !important;border-bottom-style: solid !important;border-color: #5b9bd5 !important;}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h4><i>Gymnodinium aureolum<\/i><\/h4>\n<h4>Syn. <i>Gyrodinium aureolum<\/i>; <i>Gymnodinium mikimotoi<\/i>;<i>\u00a0<\/i><i>Karenia mikimotoi<\/i><\/h4>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;2\/3&#8243;][vc_gallery type=&#8221;image_grid&#8221; images=&#8221;3138,3139,3140,3141,3142&#8243; css=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_video link=&#8221;https:\/\/youtu.be\/OyROsP-xi6w&#8221; css=&#8221;&#8221;][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]<strong>Morphology<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cells round, the body length range 18\u201330 \u00b5m and the width range 16\u2013 28 \u00b5m. Cells slightly longer than wide. Cingulum usually median and relatively wide. There are several oval chloroplasts, each with a conspicuous pyrenoid. The nucleus is in the left side of the hypocone.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>Toxins and toxicity<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In New Zealand, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">G<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. cf. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">aureolum<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> was found to produce lipid-soluble toxins and caused a toxic shellfish event and fish-kill. It can <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">produce both hemolytic and ichthyotoxins. which caused damage to fish farms in northern Europe, Japan, and New Zealand<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. <\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>Distribution and Occurrence<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">This dinoflagellate and its blooms have been detected in Europe (Britain, Denmark, France, Ireland, Norway, Germany, North Sea, Baltic Sea, and Black Sea), North America, Asia (China, Korea, and Japan), and Oceania (<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Steidinger 2018). In this study, this species was abundant in REF-1, PGD-1, and PGD-2 in March, July, and August.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>References<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Hallegraeff, G. M., D. M. Anderson, A. D. Cembella, and H. O. Enevoldsen. 2004. Manual on harmful marine microalgae, 2nd rev. ed. UNESCO.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Steidinger, K.A. &amp; Meave del Castillo, M.E. [Eds.] 2018. Guide to the Identification of Harmful Microalgae in the Gulf of Mexico, Volume I: Taxonomy.<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">St. Petersburg, FL, 384 pp. <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/myfwc.com\/research\/redtide\/research\/scientific-products\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">http:\/\/myfwc.com\/research\/redtide\/research\/scientific-products\/<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Hansen, G., Daugbjerg, N. &amp; Henriksen, P. (2000). Comparative study of <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Gymnodinium mikimotoi <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">and <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Gymnodinium aureolum <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">comb. nov. (=<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Gyrodinium aureolum<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">) based on morphology, pigment composition and molecular data. Journal of Phycology 36: 394-410<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_empty_space][breadcrumb-shortcode][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1728779585339{border-bottom-width: 4px !important;border-bottom-style: solid !important;border-color: #5b9bd5 !important;}&#8221;] Detected Species [\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/4&#8243; el_class=&#8221;sticky-top&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;] HAB Species Diatoms Cylindrotheca closterium Pseudo-nitzschia Dinoflagellates Prorocentrum lima Amphidinium carterae Gymnodinium aureolum (Karlodinium sp) Levanderina fissa (syn. Gymnodinium uncatenum) Kryptoperidinium foliaceum Cyanobacteria Planktothrix agardhii Lyngbya aestuarii Geitlerinema splendidum Raphidophytes Chattonella subsalsa Haptophytes Prymnesium parvum Non-toxic Species Diatoms Haslea ostrearia Dinoflagellates [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":147,"featured_media":0,"parent":2683,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"fullwidth.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3079","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/deptest.nj.gov\/dsr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3079","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/deptest.nj.gov\/dsr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/deptest.nj.gov\/dsr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/deptest.nj.gov\/dsr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/147"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/deptest.nj.gov\/dsr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3079"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/deptest.nj.gov\/dsr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3079\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/deptest.nj.gov\/dsr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2683"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/deptest.nj.gov\/dsr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3079"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}